The Interdisciplinary Nature Of Civil Engineering
Have you ever come across a system that seems to belong to more than one discipline? Or found yourself wondering how to classify a system that consists of different elements from various fields of study? Well, look no further. Dmitry Novikov has come up with a classification of systems of interdisciplinary nature, exploring the different types and characteristics.
The classification is based on three criteria: the disciplines that create the system, the nature of the system, and the mode of integration. The first criterion details the different types of systems that involve the use of more than one discipline. These include interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, and transdisciplinary systems.
Interdisciplinary systems involve the use of two or more disciplines that work together to form a new, integrative field of study. Multidisciplinary systems, on the other hand, are made up of a number of different disciplines that interact with each other while still maintaining their individual identities. Finally, transdisciplinary systems involve a fusion of disciplines that go beyond the interaction of disciplines and aim to merge them into a new, transdisciplinary field.
The second criterion explores the nature of the systems, and categorizes them as centralized, decentralized, and mixed. A centralized system has a single coordination center, whereas a decentralized system has multiple centers. Mixed systems, as the name suggests, have both centralized and decentralized elements.
The modes of integration criterion caters to the different ways in which the disciplines interact. The modes of integration include cooperative, complementary, and symbiotic. Cooperative integration involves the disciplines working together without losing their individual identities, while complementary integration has the disciplines working on different aspects of the same problem or project. Finally, symbiotic integration involves disciplines that require each other to form a cohesive system, like a lock-and-key mechanism.
The classification is a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners who deal with systems that require different perspectives from different disciplines. It provides a framework for understanding the complexity of interdisciplinary systems and provides insights into the challenges of creating cohesive interdisciplinary systems.
FAQ
What is an interdisciplinary system?
An interdisciplinary system involves the use of two or more disciplines that work together to form a new, integrative field of study.
What is a multidisciplinary system?
A multidisciplinary system is made up of a number of different disciplines that interact with each other while still maintaining their individual identities.
What is a transdisciplinary system?
Transdisciplinary systems involve a fusion of disciplines that go beyond the interaction of disciplines and aim to merge them into a new, transdisciplinary field.
What is the difference between centralized and decentralized systems?
A centralized system has a single coordination center, whereas a decentralized system has multiple centers.
What is the difference between cooperative and complementary integration?
Cooperative integration involves the disciplines working together without losing their individual identities, while complementary integration has the disciplines working on different aspects of the same problem or project.
What is symbiotic integration?
Symbiotic integration involves disciplines that require each other to form a cohesive system, like a lock-and-key mechanism.
Conclusion
Dmitry Novikov's classification of systems of interdisciplinary nature provides a valuable framework for understanding the complexity of interdisciplinary systems. The classification explores the different types of systems, their nature, and the modes of integration. It is a useful tool for researchers and practitioners who deal with systems that require different perspectives from different disciplines, and provides insights into the challenges of creating cohesive interdisciplinary systems.
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